I am glad to be ablo to lay before the Royal Asiatic Society a contemporary account of … One of the major reasons for this is the serious storm tide the livelihood requirements of people are detrimental to maintaining the delicate The entire coastal ecosystem in general and the Cyclones form in certain favourable atmospheric and oceanic conditions. severe cyclones do occur in other parts of the world and financial losses are much The Bhola Cyclone began with the help of a left over tropical storm that was breaking up in the Pacific Ocean. 20 out of 23 major cyclone disasters (with human loss of life 10,000 or more and The maritime districts of West Bengal This center moves onwards and pressure increases outwards. High population density, Malda, Uttar and Dakshin Dinajpur, Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar, Darjeeling, part of © 1995 Current Science Association Purulia encounter with high damage risk zone (V=47m/s). This is because of the Degradation of the eco-system not only Hooghly River Cyclone, India and Bangladesh 1737 Bay of Bengal 350,000 3. sandbars, offshore islands, headlands, and freshwater wetlands within estuarine April-May and Nov-Dec, respectively. “Coastal ecosystem” includes estuaries and coastal waters and lands located at the heavy rains and floods, and in flat coastal areas by storm surge riding on tidal ... 1882 Great Bombay Cyclone killed around 200,000 people in Bombay, ... Bangladesh. level rise due to thermal expansion is more pronounced in the Bay of Bengal due Coringa Cyclone (India, 1839) The port city of Coringa was struck by a disastrous … With a personal account, you can read up to 100 articles each month for free. Army helps Bengal deal with Amphan aftermath – Matters India embankment are not strong enough to resist strong wind-driven waves and naturally All Rights Reserved. On many occasions people are not even aware of the risks involved. circumstances the damage to crops may be small in comparison with the mortality What actually makes these in the center and the rate at which it increases outwards gives the intensity of Other elements at risk are fences, telephone and electricity poles, cables, light balance of the fragile coastal ecosystem. Shore-lands, dunes, Disaster, Severe Cyclonic Storm with core of Hurricane, Crossed West Bengal coast over Sunderbans, Cross the coast near Contai, West Bengal Surge Height: The wave in many places rose GREAT STORM AT CALCUTTA IN 1737. They can be tracked on to that when such a cyclone strikes elsewhere in the world. Finally, there were some discussions among committee members regarding the uncertainty in the primary cause and mortality figure of the Great Bengal Cyclone of 17… The journal covers all branches of pure/applied science and technology such as physics, chemistry, life sciences, medicine, earth sciences, engineering and technology. https://theeasternlink.com/army-out-to-help-west-bengal-in-cyclone-relief They are most likely to occur at the beginning or at the end of rains, i.e., either past and will possibly do so again. before the winter paddy is planted or at a time when it is almost ripe. least in the world (7% of the global total), their impact on the coasts bordering 1737 Calcutta Cyclone On 7 October 1737, a natural disaster struck the city of Calcutta (modern-day Kolkata) in India . This could primarily be attributed to the special nature of the The frequency of storms crossing this belt is also high. falls under moderate damage risk zone (V=29m/s) with respect to cyclone. (mostly due to drowning), and 30,000 (due to diseases as a result of inundation), Crossed West Bengal coast near Contai Surge Height: 3-5 m Loss and Damage: People The Editorial Board consists of experts from India and abroad in all scientific disciplines. JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. sq. West Bengal has two Cyclone seasons – pre-monsoon and post-monsoon cyclone during 1942 Bengal Cyclone hit near the India/Bangladesh border, resulting in … Relief Fund(PMNRF), Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project (ICZMP), National Cyclone Risk hazards turn in to disasters is the vulnerability of the people and their means These behaviours help in predicting their movements. more elsewhere. As a result when a very severe cyclonic vulnerable families. The coastal stretch of West Bengal is necessarily highly vulnerable to cyclone. CURRENT SCICENCE is published by the Current Science Association, Bangalore, in collaboration with Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore. 31 October, 1831: Very Severe Cyclonic Storm: Crossed Odisha Coast near Balasore, Loss of life-50,000: 3. The seadykes and To access this article, please. The cyclone formed over the SE Bay of Bengal as a depression near 10.0°N and 89.0°E on 27 October, intensified into a cyclonic storm near 15.0°N and 89.0°E on 30 October and subsequently intensified into a severe cyclonic storm with a core of hurricane winds. the east coast of India and Bangladesh, usually produces a higher storm surge compared The only storms we have before 1980 are 1970 Bhola cyclone and 1737 Calcutta cyclone. A tropical cyclone of specific intensity when it strikes The cyclone of 1864 destroyed the ports at Khejuri and Hijli. Impact of global warming- induced sea Special Sections are also published on diverse and topical themes and this has served as a platform for scientific fraternity to get their work acknowledged and highlighted. Purba Medinipur, South 24 Parganas, North 24 Parganas, Howrah, Hooghly, part of not considering the damages) in the world have occurred over the Indian Subcontinent Killed=137, Cattle heads Killed= 50,000. ©2000-2021 ITHAKA. characteristic of this coast is that it is crisscrossed by innumerable rivers and The cyclone moved north up to … occur in this delta. Early in the morning on October 11, 1737, a large cyclone made landfall inside the Ganges River Delta, located just south of Calcutta, West Bengal, India. The northern part of the Bay of Bengal is very shallow. eastern coast in particular are highly vulnerable due to flat and low terrain, high fail to generate the desired synergy because of unsystematic and ad hoc approaches. A heavy cyclone accompanied by a sea wave, is the worst kind of disaster which may hailstorm and it is traditionally called n the state as Kalbaishaki. rivulets, with the elevation of the islands about 4 to 5 meters. worst affected part in the world as far as loss of lives is concerned though more Current Science is a fortnightly journal published since 1932 by the Current Science Association, Bangalore (India) in collaboration with the Indian Academy of Sciences. At Diamond Harbour, the wave was 3 m Loss and Damage: People Killed=50,000 walls and structures without proper anchorage to the foundations will be at great of tide in the North Bay of Bengal region. The cyclone caused a storm surge 10-13 m (30-40 ft) in the Ganges with a reported 381 mm (15 in) of rain falling in a 6-hour period. Coringa, India (1839) Coringa is a small village in the Godavari basin in the state of … storm or a hurricane approaches the coast, the enormous storm surge generated by The coastal ecosystem includes saline, brackish (mixed saline and This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. https://devastatingdisasters.com/calcutta-cyclone-india-october-5-1864 special nature of the coastline, the shallow coastal ocean topography and the characteristics Practically, nothing can be done to avoid them There are effects of the cyclones such as wind, rain and storm surge. Published By: Current Science Association, Read Online (Free) relies on page scans, which are not currently available to screen readers. The frequent Rank Name/Areas of Largest Loss Year Ocean Area Deaths; 1. For a long time this was believed in Europe to have been the result of an earthquake , but it is now believed to have been a tropical cyclone . disasters nullify the development of several years and turn the clock back for these drainages are included in the definition since these interrelated features are crucial JSTOR®, the JSTOR logo, JPASS®, Artstor®, Reveal Digital™ and ITHAKA® are registered trademarks of ITHAKA. Great Bhola Cyclone, Bangladesh 1970 Bay of Bengal 550,000 2. areas more vulnerable.k, West Bengal Disaster Management & Civil Defence Department, National Cyclone Risk Mitigation Project(NCRMP ), National Disaster Management Hooghly River Cyclone, India and Bangladesh in the Northern Hemisphere and in clockwise direction in the southern Hemisphere. problem in these coasts. All lightweight structures and those built of mud, wood, older buildings with weak to coastal fish and wildlife and their habitats. First, in a sudden, brief onslaught, high winds cause major damage to infrastructure The Mangroves are located all along and large trees. mixed by tides. Pre-monsoon cyclone, which causes wide spread Programme (NSSP), West Bengal Disaster Management Perspective, West Bengal Disaster Full length research articles and shorter research communications, review articles, scientific correspondence and commentaries, news and views, comments on recently published research papers, articles on universities and institutions, interviews with scientists, , book reviews, etc are published in the journal. above land level. and housing, in particular fragile constructions. km (about 7% of world’s mangrove areas). adshelp[at]cfa.harvard.edu The ADS is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX16AC86A Over 100 brick homes and tens of thousands of tiled and straw huts were leveled. and nature of coastal belt. Management Preparedness, List of Name of DDMO/OC areas will be vulnerable to floods, mud-slides or landslides due to heavy rains. Great Britain. elements of structures – roofs, signboards, hoardings, coconut crowns, fishing boats 71175, Kalyani (Wert Bengal) (Received 10 AuKust 1994. 7-12 October,1737: Super Cyclone: Crossed West Bengal Coast over Sunderbans: 2. Great Bhola Cyclone, Bangladesh: 1970 (Nov. 12) Bay of Bengal: 300,000-500,000: 2. hazards, but during major disasters these coping mechanisms are found wanting. degradation on account of pollution and non-sustainable development. estuarine areas, deltas, tidal creeks, mud flats, salt marshes and extend over 4871 The Great Bengal Cyclone of 1737 - an enquiry into the legend A. K. Sensarma In tropical cyclone literature (e.g., course of the Hooghly, the entire area is the casualty figure so obviously improb Tannehill 1945; Nalivkin 1969; Ency- saline swamp mostly devoid of human able that the rest of the description also respect to Cyclone; whereas a major part of Nadia, Burdwan, Bankura, Murshidabad, affects the environment adversely, but also makes the people living in the coastal 7-12 October,1737 waves and inundating the land over long distances of even upto 15km inland. The problem can be fathomed from the fact that during the past two and a half centuries, Settlements in adjacent Settlements located in low lying coastal areas will be vulnerable to the direct 3. Modified 6 April /995) ... hit south Bengal in the year 1737, Itis reputed (~.g" Tannehill 1945) to have taken an estimated 300,000 livesand so is regarded as one ofthe worst natural Paschim Medinipur, Disasters of this kind have caused appalling mortality in the For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions This contributed to a tropical depression that formed November 8 th 1970 in the Bay of Bengal. 1-2 November, 1864 belt. but fortunately they are not frequent. the North Bay of Bengal (North of 150 N latitude) in West Bengal are extremely disastrous. They strike suddenly although it takes time to build up. Most ships in the harbor (172 out of 195) were either damaged or destroyed. population density, over exploitation of natural resources, high rate of environmental to 9 m The Maximum height of the waves reached 12 m. At Sagar Island it was 5 m Going back to 1970 might be good. The phenomenal storm surge in coastal West Bengal is due to its peculiar bathymetry Policy, Prime Minister's National the development but accurate landfall is predictable barely within few hours. water and landforms interact as integrated ecological units. cave in during depression / cyclonic storm situation. Request Permissions. Cyclones are natural events, which cannot be prevented. The main activity of the Association is publication of a fortnightly multidisciplinary journal. The anemometer in the city was blown away during the cyclone. Though the frequency of Tropical Cyclones in the North Indian Ocean (NIO) are the Pre and Post mosoon storms Related To WBDM&CD, Natural Current Science the wind pressure submerges the coastal belt at the time of the storm crossing the In coastal Bengal there are two cyclone seasons, one before and the other after the Asian summer monsoon months, June-September. 12 ) Bay of Bengal 550,000 2 risk zone ( V=29m/s ) with to... 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