The summer monsoon and the winter monsoon determine the climate for most of India and Southeast Asia. The total population of Asia is approximately 3,879,000,000 (2005). Mausin originally meant “season” or “wind shift.” But the … The January isotherm (a line connecting points of equal temperature) of 32 °F (0 °C) extends eastward from the Anatolian and Iranian highlands; skirts the southern edge of the Pamirs, the Karakoram Range, and the Himalayas; and runs northeastward through China to south of the Shandong Peninsula and through the southern Korean peninsula and central Honshu. The average January temperature over a considerable part of Siberia is below −4 °F (−20 °C), and in the region around Verkhoyansk it reaches −58 °F (−50 °C). In 1994, a registered charity, the Monsoon Accessorize Trust, was set up to help under-privileged women and children in Asia. An isotherm of 68 °F (20 °C) is traced along the Tropic of Cancer and one of 77 °F (25 °C) farther south. Paleozoic events in the continental nuclei, Mesozoic events in the continental nuclei, Mesozoic events in the circum-Pacific orogenic belts, Cenozoic events in the Alpide plate boundary zone and in the Arabian and Indian cratons, Cenozoic events in the island arcs and the marginal basins, Prehistoric centres and ancient migrations. A tea plantation during the summer (wet) monsoon, Assam state, India. In winter continental tropical air prevails in tropical Asia; in summer it is replaced by equatorial ocean air. The tallest, of course, is the Burj … According to the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology website, since 1871, India has experienced 19 major flood years and 26 drought years. Lightning strikes are very common during the monsoon in India. It usually happens between April … The dry spring that follows changes abruptly and dramatically into the rainy summer with the onset of the monsoon. The southwest monsoon bursts upon the Malabar Coast of southwestern India in early June and gradually extends northward over most of the Indian subcontinent and mainland Southeast Asia. Asian monsoons are the most popular. The official last day of the monsoon is September 30th. Eastern, southern and south-east Asia are the most populated while the desert, mountain and tundra regions are the least populated. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Mausim means a shift in wind or season. If that drift is strong and low pressure over the continental interior is intense, the summer monsoon may carry moisture well into Mongolia. Over the areas of Asia closest to the Equator—southern Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and the Greater Sunda Islands—equatorial air prevails continuously, accompanied by even temperatures and abundant rainfall in all seasons. In July the maximum temperatures are found in the lowlands of Mesopotamia and the Arabian Peninsula and in the Thar (Great Indian) and Takla Makan deserts. In some years, however, the amount of rainfall breaks records in places. It brings considerable rainfall, which in most of those areas accounts for 80 to 90 percent of the total annual precipitation. Precipitation averages less than 40 inches (1,000 mm) annually on tropical lee slopes. In many parts of the world, life itself depends on the monsoon rains. The winter season’s dry and warm winds, directed offshore toward the equatorial low-pressure axis, are analogous to trade winds but simultaneously act as the South Asian continental monsoon. In the subtropical and temperate monsoon climates there is adequate rainfall, amounting to about 24 to 80 inches (600 to 2,000 mm) annually. Monsoons always blow from cold to warm regions. This wind shift usually brings about a significant change in the local weather. Average date of onset of the summer monsoon across different regions of Asia. It occurred from September to December. Many lianas (woody vines) and herbaceous epiphytes (air plants, such as orchids are present. Summer Monsoon. The sunny southern slopes differ from the shady northern ones, and windward slopes exposed to moist ocean winds differ from leeward slopes, which, lying in the wind (and rain) shadow, are necessarily drier. The summer monsoon brings enormous amounts of rain (up to about 25 inches [635 mm] in a month). The region holds many nations, various climates, and … Himalayas, Nepali Himalaya, great mountain system of Asia forming a barrier between the Plateau of Tibet to the north and the alluvial plains of the Indian subcontinent to the south. Monsoons cause wet and dry seasons throughout much of the tropics. Monsoon Asia Monsoon Asia is noted as being all area south of the Uriel Mountains, and east of Afghanistan. The degree of exposure also plays a large role. Agriculture Depends On Monsoon: Since India is an agricultural country, the monsoon season is very … The monsoon drives … rural 64%. Is the population of Monsoon Asia increasing or decreasing? It affects the Indian subcontinent, where it is one of the oldest and most anticipated weather phenomena and an economically important pattern every year from June through September, but it is only partly understood and notoriously difficult to predict. Differences between the climatic conditions of the various regions of Asia are determined to a considerable degree by topography. The largest monsoon regions are in South Asia and West Africa, but monsoons also affect northern Australia and—just slightly—the coast of … This tragic and deadly monsoon happened in 1983. If neither the drift nor the continental low is strong, the China summer monsoon may fail, falter over eastern China, or cause irregular weather patterns that threaten the country with crop failure. Contrasts of climate resulting from exposure are manifested clearly in the Himalayas, the Elburz Mountains, Japan, Taiwan, the Philippines, the Tien Shan range, the region to the east of Lake Baikal (Transbaikalia), and many other places. Super Typhoon Haiyan (or Yolanda) passing over the island of Leyte, Philippines, on November 8, 2013; the storm's eye is the green ring with a blue centre. Monsoons are most often associated with the Indian Ocean. The dry spring that follows changes abruptly and dramatically into the rainy summer with the onset of the monsoon. The monsoons are responsible for a good percentage of the rainfall experienced in the region and the floods associated with extended periods of rainfall fertilize the South Asian land. The countries with the highest populations (to the nearest million) are: China – 1,384 million India – 1,046 million Indonesia – 227 million Bangladesh – 1… Monsoons happen because of a simple fact: land heats up faster than water. Up to 100,000 picked up water-borne illnesses. Monsoon winds reverse direction between winter and summer. Different elevation-based climatic zones are most clearly defined on the southern slopes of the Himalayas, where they vary from the tropical climates of the foothills, at the lowest levels, to the extreme Arctic-like conditions of the peaks, at the highest elevations. Lightning will strike about 500,000 times during the monsoon. Annual rainfall in the equatorial belt is approximately 80 inches (2,000 mm); it is 80 to 120 inches (2,000 to 3,000 mm) and more (300 to 500 inches [7,600 to 12,700 mm] in places) on windward maritime slopes in South, Southeast, and East Asia. Authorities in India's Gujarat state say incessant monsoon rains have caused widespread damage to public and private properties. Grab a copy of our NEW encyclopedia for Kids! The major controlling factor over the monsoon climate is its relationship to the monsoon circulation.The Monsoon is a seasonal change in wind direction. Too much or too little rain from the monsoon can mean disaster in the form of famine or flood. Tropical monsoon climate is mainly found between 5° to 30° latitudes in the Southern and South-Eastern part of Asia. Near the coast Pacific Ocean air moderates the average temperature to from 23 to 5 °F (−5 to −15 °C). Asian monsoon has been linked to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau after the collision of the Indian sub-continent and Asia around 50 million years ago. Note that in this particular part of the planet, solar radiation hits vertically during the summer so hot air rises and creates an area of low pressure over Central Asia. Along the far northeastern coast of Asia, the average temperature in July is below 50 °F (10 °C), which is typical for a tundra climate. The Lesser Sunda Islands have a tropical monsoon climate; their wet and dry seasons are regulated by the calendar rhythm of the Southern Hemisphere, which is characterized by a wet summer from November to February and a dry winter from June to October. It can make a desert change into a green landscape, Term was first used in English in British India, Always blows from a cold region to a warm region, Can range from a violent thunderstorm to a small dust storm, Arizona receives 32% of its total yearly rainfall during a monsoon, Strengthening of the Asian monsoon has linked to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau after the collision of the Indian sub-continent and Asia around five million years ago, It is estimated that about 500,000 lightening strikes are in a monsoon. The population of Asia is growing with a growth rate of approximately 2%. The worst monsoon was in Thailand. Indian farmers rely on the Monsoons to grow their crops, so they have to plant their crops at the right time so its just in time for Monsoon season, so then they will grow very well. The word monsoon is believed to be derived from the Arabic word ‘mausim'. The winter season’s dry and warm winds, directed offshore toward the equatorial low-pressure axis, are analogous to trade winds but simultaneously act as the South Asian continental monsoon. Up to 15,000 evacuated. In East and Southeast Asia, this climate type is found in the southeastern quarter of mainland China from Hong Kong north to Nanjing, the northern half of Taiwan, northern Myanmar, northern Vietnam, north through southern and central Japan (Kyushu, Miyazaki, Shikoku and half of Honshu), and the most southern regions of Korea (the south coast and Jeju island). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Monsoon Facts about monsoon East Asian Monsoon Northeast monsoon The East Asian monsoon affects large parts of Indo-China, Philippines, China, Korea and Japan. Well, I hope you enjoy it. The monsoon there is less dramatic than in other areas, accounting for 50 to 60 percent of China’s annual rainfall. The barrier effect is most pronounced in the zone of monsoon circulation (i.e., East, Southeast, and South Asia), where rain-bearing winds have a constant direction. The “classic” monsoon circulation of Asia exhibits an onshore flow of air (air moving from ocean towards land) during the summer or high-sun season, and offshore air flow (air moving from land toward water) during the winter or low-sun season. In … Over 10,000 people died from this monsoon. An average or normal monsoon means rainfall between 96-104 percent of a … Rainfall that accompanies Asia’s summer monsoon plays an important role in the region’s economy by refilling aquifers, generating hydroelectric energy, and providing water for crops. Those storms are accompanied by strong winds and torrential rains so heavy that the maximum precipitation from the typhoons locally may exceed the total amounts received during the normal summer monsoons. In the south, monsoon season runs from April to September. In winter continental tropical air prevails in tropical Asia; in summer it is replaced by equatorial ocean air. Interesting Monsoon Facts: It is estimated that there are approximately 500,000 lightning strikes during a monsoon. increasing. Here I have made a video on 7 interesting facts on monsoon. Monsoons also occur in other regions such as in North America, Sub-Saharan Africa, Brazil and East Asia. Asia is the most populated continent containing around 60% of the World’s population. It is characterised by a warm, rainy summer monsoon and a cold, dry winter monsoon. Other interesting facts about the monsoon The first weather forecast in India was made on 4 June 1886. The monsoon of South Asia is among several geographically distributed global monsoons. The trees in a monsoon forest usually shed their leaves during the dry season and come into leaf at the start of the rainy season. Classification of Rain. Summer in China is a time of variable air movement out of the western Pacific. This is a huge sea breeze which occurs when the wind blows from the cooler ocean to the much warmer land mass. Bilibino, Chukotka, northeastern Siberia, Russia, which experiences some of the coldest winter temperatures in Asia. Interesting Facts: Monsoons have a rainy and dry season. In addition to the physical isolation of the leeward slopes from the moisture-laden winds, those slopes also experience the foehn effect, in which a strong wind traverses a mountain range and is deflected downward as a warm, dry, gusty, erratic wind. The area’s name comes from the typical weather patterns that occur in the region, specifically the periods of extreme rainfall. * Even during a normal monsoon, floods covers about 20 percent of the country, disrupting life and causing deaths. Fact 6: Nine out of ten of the world’s tallest buildings are in Asia. “Monsoon” is Derived From an Arabic Word. The company was listed on the Stock Exchange in 1998. They bring wet summers and dry winters to the regions where they blow. An inspiration from the monsoon I experience here in India. The Asian monsoon is one of the most vigorous climatic phenomena on Earth and also one of the most societally important. What is the largest country in … The summer monsoon is associated with heavy rainfall. The first Accessorize shop opened in 1984, next door to Monsoon in Covent Garden. Despite the negative effects that the monsoons in South Asia have had on the South Asian population, there are a number of benefits that come with them (Parker, 2007, p. 1). Monsoons are usually call for a celebration at first because its a relief for after the long 6 month drought season. Annual precipitation is less than 10 inches (250 mm) in northeastern Siberia and averages 6 to 8 inches (150 to 200 mm) but may be less than 4 inches (100 mm) in some places in the deserts of West, Middle, and Central Asia. Tropical cyclones—called typhoons in the Pacific Ocean—may occur in coastal and insular South, Southeast, and East Asia throughout the year but are most severe during the late summer and early autumn. The greatest amplitude in annual temperature range on Earth occurs near the “cold pole,” which has remarkably warm summers; the annual range may exceed 175 °F (97 °C). This climate also occurs in sections of the Caribbean, North America, and northern Australia. The rain occurs in a concentrated Create your own unique website with customizable templates. The isolating barrier effect of the relief on the climate is demonstrated most clearly in the West Asian highlands and in Central Asia. More than $400 million worth of damage. The region experiences some of the hottest summer temperatures in Asia. KEY FACTS: * The South Asian monsoon season runs from June and to September. The 68 °F (20 °C) isotherm moves as far as latitudes 55° to 60° N, but, in the eastern Gobi and near the cool Pacific Ocean, it bends to the south. Interesting Facts About Monsoons A monsoon is a seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing wind. Tropical monsoon are most commonly found in Africa (West and Central Africa), Asia (South and Southeast Asia), South and Central America. That has been the case in 2020. Monsoon forests are especially well developed in Southeast Asia and are typified by tall teak trees and thickets of bamboo. Thatched-roof houses in the Thar (Great Indian) Desert, near Jaisalmer, Rajasthan state, India. Monsoon storms range from minor dust storms to violent thunderstorms. In those regions the surrounding mountains isolate the tablelands of the interior from moisture-laden winds. The massiveness of the interior highlands is also a significant factor; it gives rise to local anticyclones during the cold months of the year. In Cherrapunji in northeastern India, some 900 inches (22,900 mm) of rain fell in seven months in 1891. Almost half of the world's population lives in areas affected by the monsoons of Asia and most of these people are subsistence farmers, so the coming and goings of the monsoon are vital to their livelihood to grow food to feed themselves. 3.7 billion people (3,700,000,000) Is Monsoon Asia mostly urban or rural & what percent? 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